Over medium-high heat, add the olive oil to a large pot or Dutch oven. Once the oil is hot, add in the ground turkey, onion, and garlic. Sauté the meat crumbling it as it cooks. Season with salt and pepper.
Once the meat is browned and the onions have softened, about 8 minutes, add in the carrots and cabbage. Sauté for another 3-4 minutes or until the cabbage starts to wilt.
Add in the remaining ingredients and stir everything together. Bring the soup to a boil then lower the heat and let it simmer for about 20 minutes or until the rice is tender. Stir the soup occasionally so that the rice doesn’t stick to the bottom.
If the soup is too thick for your liking, pour in extra broth until it's a consistency you like. Taste for seasoning and then remove the bay leaves and serve.